Interest in gambling disorder (pathological gambling) has been growing in both the clinical and scientific community. This has permitted a better understanding of the pathology and the design of potential therapeutic options.

Substance use disorder (SUD) is a significant public health concern. Unfortunately, there are few safe and effective medications to treat SUD and efficacy is suboptimal.

The best treatments for alcohol dependence are currently those developed within multidisciplinary programmes, which include psychological, sociological, and medical dimensions. It is important to consider recovery as the culmination of a process of change.

Drinking alcohol is an established and normalised practice in our society, even though it can increase the chance of negative consequences for the drinkers or their environment.

As with other animal species such as crayfish, drugs activate our brain's reward system to induce a false signal announcing the arrival of a great benefit for our survival.

Surely, we all know someone close to us who uses drugs. Consider, for example, tobacco or alcohol, or even marijuana. They may at some point have tried to stop using and, after somewhat longer or shorter periods of abstinence, have started using again. Not every drug