Forensic sciences make it possible to obtain evidence specifically for forensic archaeology and forensic anthropology. In Spain, the study of the brains in La Pedraja is a way to deepen forensic investigation some 80 years after the original events occurred.

Archaeology and anthropology have played an important role in identifying World War I soldiers. In this process of identification, the involvement of forensic or conflict archaeologists and forensic anthropologists has played an invaluable role to provide a dignified burial to those who fell for their country.

The Roman necropolis in Carrer Quart in Valencia (Spain) is the city’s oldest known cemetery. Based on its archaeological and bioanthropological analysis, we examine various hitherto unknown issues: funerary practices, social stratification, paleodemography, quality of life, and the impact of disease, food, and the subsistence economy.

This monograph offers a multidisciplinary overview of a diverse historical memory, analysed from different but complementary scientific perspectives, where history, archaeology, physical anthropology, forensic medicine, criminalistics, and genetics, among other sciences, intertwine to shed light and evidential value based on the biological vestiges of the past.